«A tyrant must put on the appearance of uncommon devotion to religion. Subjects are less apprehensive of illegal treatment from a ruler whom they consider to be God-fearing and pious.», Aristóteles.
«A prince, then, must be very careful not to say a word which does not seem inspired by the five qualities(...) To those seeing and hearing him, he should appear a man of compassion, a man of good faith, a man of integrity, a kind and a religious man(...) Men in general judge by their eyes rather than by their hands; because everyone is in a position to watch, few are in a position to come in close touch with you. Everyone sees what you appear to be, few experience what you really are. And those few dare not gainsay the many who are backed by the majesty of the state. In the actions of all men, and especially of princes, where there is no court of appeal, one judges by the result.», Maquiavel.
Aristóteles resumiu a política como uma mera extensão da ética. A tradição ocidental via a política em termos claros, certo e errado, justo e injusto, e por isso os termos morais usados para avaliar as acções humanas eram os mesmos empregues para avaliar as acções políticas. Ao contrário Maquiavel descreveu a política sem recurso à ética e à jurisprudência, a política era uma única coisa: conquistar e manter o poder. Tudo o resto associado à política nada tinha a ver com este aspecto fundamental - tirando os casos em que a moral e a religião ajudassem à conquista e à manutenção do estatuto. O político bem sucedido sabe o que fazer ou o que dizer em cada situação.